CITRIC ACID

Origin

Citric Acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found abundantly in citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, and oranges. Commercially, it is produced through the fermentation of glucose or sucrose using non-GMO strains of Aspergillus niger. This bio-based process yields a high-purity, biodegradable ingredient widely used across the cosmetic and personal care industry as a pH adjuster, chelating agent, and mild exfoliant.

Summary

Citric Acid is a multifunctional ingredient serving as a natural pH regulator, antioxidant stabilizer, and gentle exfoliant in cosmetic formulations. It helps maintain optimal product acidity for skin compatibility and stability, prevents metal ion-induced oxidation, and promotes skin renewal by encouraging mild exfoliation. Its versatility makes it essential in cleansers, toners, hair conditioners, and bath products, aligning with clean beauty and eco-friendly formulation standards.

Technical Data

• INCI Name: Citric Acid

• CAS Number: 77-92-9

• Chemical Class: Organic tricarboxylic acid

• Source: Fermentation of renewable carbohydrates (typically corn or sugarcane)

• HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance): Not applicable (highly hydrophilic)

• Molecular Formula: C₆H₈O₇

• Molecular Weight: 192.13 g/mol

• Solubility: Freely soluble in water and alcohol; insoluble in oils

• pH (1% solution): 2.2–2.5

• Melting Point: 153–159 °C

• Chelating Value: Strong affinity for calcium, magnesium, and iron ions

• Shelf Life: 36 months (store in a dry, cool, and sealed container)

Usage Level in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products

• pH Adjustment: 0.1–1.0 % (depending on formulation pH target)

• Chelating Agent: 0.05–0.3 %

• Mild Exfoliation (AHA-based products): 1.0–5.0 %

• Hair Conditioners & Shampoos: 0.1–0.5 %

Properties

• Natural pH adjuster and buffering agent

• Mild exfoliating and skin-renewing properties

• Enhances preservative and antioxidant performance

• Improves product stability and shelf life

• Biodegradable and non-toxic

• Metal ion chelation prevents product discoloration and degradation

• Suitable for both rinse-off and leave-on formulations

Appearance

White to colorless crystalline powder with a tart, citrus-like odor.

Product Overview

Suncoast Personal Care Products, Inc Personal Care Products Citric Acid is a naturally derived, multifunctional ingredient used for pH regulation, stabilization, and gentle exfoliation. Fermented from renewable sugar sources, it enhances formulation performance, skin feel, and product safety while supporting clean, sustainable beauty formulations. Suncoast Personal Care Products, Inc Personal Care Products Citric Acid is ideal for brands seeking natural efficacy, formulation versatility, and environmental responsibility.

Environmental Working Group (EWG) Safety Level

EWG Rating: 2 (Low Hazard) — Safe for general cosmetic use; mild skin sensitivity possible in higher concentrations.